By: Lt Gen PG Kamath (Veteran)
"Why a soldier fights? Why does he give his life for a cause? Why is he prepared to make his ultimate sacrifice and bid goodbye to the world? All these questions can be answered in twowords; His Pride."
"The OROP that was effective till 1972, was annulled after the third pay commission. They abolished a separate Pay Commission for the Armed Forces and Civilians "
"Mrs Gandhi wasfeted and was called 'Durga' and she basked in the limelight of victory and self-adulation. However, she proved to be the daughter of her illustrious father by sharing the same antipathy and disdain towardsthe Armed Forces. The running down of the Armed Forcesin the Third Pay Commission could not have been done without her active consent?"
"Don't you sometimes feel whether the country deserves selfless service from its soldiers? Can any country on this earth be more ungrateful towards her soldiers than ' Mother India '? What a great victory for the MoD for destroying the soldier's pride?" Opines Lt Gen PG Kamath
It was post 1971 and the nation was euphoric. Our countrymen were lauding the Indian Armed Forces for a spectacular victory that had changed the geography of the subcontinent. The nation was savouring the victory and more than 2 97,368 prisoners were in our Prisoners of War Camps. It was the second largest surrender in Military History; second only to the surrender of Gen Von Paulus, German, 6th Army at Stalingrad in the Second World War. The Armed Forces were feted everywhere for their courage and the people were convinced that it was one instrument that would never let the country down.
Amidst this euphoria, there were 4000 families, who had lost their fathers/sons/husbands in the war. Another 10,000 were wounded and maimed for life. They were picking up the lost threads of life to continue their journey in the forbidding world. However, their sorrow was lost amidst the mirth, laughter, and jubilation of victory.
Unknown to the services a band of bureaucrats were conspiring as to how to cut the Armed Forces to size. The Defence Secretary was Mr K B Lal, who was there for the entire duration of the Third Pay Commission. He was the one, who provided the inputs to the Third Pay Commission. The Commission was constituted a year before the war and concluded two years after the war. Its final recommendation marginalising the Armed Forces was made public two months after Fd Marshal Manekshaw relinquished the post of Chief. Indeed it was a clever move as the most popular person in the country was not able to take cudgels against the government. This Pay Commission cut the Armed Forcesto size to win the war for the country. Even Fd Mshl Manekshaw was not spared; more of it later. ‘Ingratitude unkinder than the winter wind’ adopts a Shakespearean phrase for an ungrateful government. How did the Government go about the act?
Firstly they abolished a separate Pay Commission for the Armed Forces and formulated an equivalence between the Armed Forces and Civilians. It was here that the Pay Commission struck its vilest blow when they considered that a trained infantry soldier with three years of service is below skilled labour. Little do they know that it is the infantry soldier who does
the actual fighting and charges the enemy with a naked bayonet literally on the very front edge of the battle and makes eye and steel contact with the enemy. He isthe one who bears the brunt of more than 90% of casualties in all wars and yet he was considered the lowest strata to base their comparison. It also means that the infantry soldier with less than three years’ service was considered semiskilled/unskilled labour. Just mark the irony of the sinister and ignorant move. The rest of the soldiers were equated based on this preposterous formulae.
The next step wasto reduce the percentage of pension for the Armed Forces. The OROP which was effective till 1972, was annulled after the third pay commission. A soldier then served only for 15 years and went on pension at the ages ranging from 33 years to 36 years of age. Given this, his pension was 70% of his basic pay and an officer's pension was 50% of his basic pay as the bulk of them retired at 50 years of age. The civilian counterparts were getting only 30% of their basic pay as pension. Please note they served till they were 58 years of age (now 60 years) and the soldiers retired a quarter century earlier. The wretched Third Pay Commission did not consider the additional 25 years of service his civilian counterpart served and raised their pension to 50% and reduced a soldier's pension from 70% to 50% to achieve the socalled parity. Further, the government made mandatory 33 years of service for a full pension fully knowing that the soldier then retired after 15 years of service. They further as a largesse made a seemingly generous gesture to the Armed Forces by pegging the mandatory service for full pension (50%) to 25 years. Just look at the clever move; fully knowing that the soldier retired after 15 years of service. Thus the soldier in effect got only 30% of pay after 15 years of service, as extrapolated from a full pension of 50% of pay with 25 years of service. Thusthe Government ingeniously cut a soldier's pension from 70% to 30% of pay at the same time enhancing the civilian pension from 30% to 50%. Look at the perfidy; how can a Government run down her Armed Forces? It is indeed a remarkable feat from a nation that was a slave nation for over two centuries, yet disregards her Armed Forces who ensure her hard earned freedom?
Our Defence Ministry were hand in glove with the proposals. There was not a whimper of protest to set right the injustice. The soldiers had to pay heavily for having won the war for the country. Their travails were not over; more was yet to come!
One would wonder why the soldiers did not protest against the brash injustice perpetrated on them? It would be difficult to believe, as those were the times the officers in particular were told that politics and pay were not to be discussed. They were naïve and had full faith in the government that in the long run; no injustice would be done to them? The disarming naivety of our officers appear incomprehensible now; but it was true then. Hence the entire master stroke of cutting the armed forces to size by impoverishing them was done with so much of dexterity, that it took us a couple of decades to realise its negative impact.
Mrs Gandhi was feted and was called ‘Durga’ and she basked in the limelight of victory and self-adulation. However, she proved to be the daughter of her illustrious father by sharing
the same antipathy and disdain towards the Armed Forces. She was a smart woman ,hence concealed it to a great extent with outer façade of support and derived maximum political mileage of the victory. The running down of the Armed Forces in the Third Pay Commission could not have been done without her active and positive consent?
Their next target was the most popular figure in the country Fd Marshal Manekshaw. He was made a Field Marshall and the appointment is active for life, though ceremonial in nature. A Field Marshall does not retire and continues to wear his five-star rank for life. He was entitled to Pay and Allowances for life. The bureaucrats who were jealous of his popularity ensured that he did not get his pay and allowances; low and behold! for the next 36 years, and finally, a lump sum of ₹ 1.60 crore of arrears was released to him on intervention by then-President Abdul Kalam. A non-descript bureaucrat gave him his pension dues on his deathbed in June 2007 a few days before he breathed his last. Isn’t it a national tragedy? Don’t you sometimes feel whether the country deserves selfless service from its soldiers? Can any country on this earth be more ungrateful towards her soldiers than ‘Mother India? What a great victory for the MOD for destroying the soldiers' pride!
Let us now analyse why a soldier fights? Why does he give his life for a cause? What makes him charge through a fusillade of bullets and splinters against sure death and injury overcoming the instinct ofself-preservation? Why is he prepared to make his ultimate sacrifice and bid goodbye to the world? Why does he not think of his loving wife, hisinnocent children, his aged parents, and the living world of mirth and bliss; knowing he has not even spent a quarter of his life? Why do all his near and dear ones pale into insignificance and he sees only his mission like Arjuna only sees the eye of the bird? All these questions can be answered in two words; His Pride.
It is his professional pride that makes him a hero. He wants to be a hero before his comrades; before his superiors, in his unit, and his country. He is a hero of his village and a hero in front of his parents. He is a hero to his wife and a superhero to his children. He also knows he is the last bastion of the nation and he is the last trump card in the hands of his nation. He knows that if he fails the nation fails. It is this emotion that drives him towards mission accomplishment. It is all the way Pride! Pride! And Pride. It is nothing else but ‘Pride’.
Sad to say; it is exactly what the Governments of his own country want to deprive him of. He has been badgered, humiliated, impoverished, and made a laughing stock in all the successive pay commissions. His status has been lowered time and again by an insensitive government. How can noble thoughts like sacrifice, mission, cause, patriotism, and pride be ever understood by self-serving, sly, and scheming bureaucracy?
About the Author
Lt Gen. PG Kamath is a highly distinguished general who has held some of the most prestigious appointments in the Indian Army.
(Views expressed are purely the author's own and do not reflect the editorial policy of 'Mission Victory India')
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